Who established the first organized police department in Islamic history?

Explanation

Hazrat Umar (RA), the second Caliph of Islam, is credited with numerous administrative innovations during his caliphate. He established the first organized police force known as "Shurtah" to maintain law and order in the expanding Islamic state. He also introduced the office of "Qadi" (judge), the department of accountability (Diwan al-Hisbah), and organized the intelligence network, making him one of the greatest administrative reformers in Islamic history.

Good to know

Hazrat Umar (RA) established several key institutions during his caliphate (634–644 CE), including the Diwan (state registry), the Bait-ul-Mal (public treasury), and the first formal prison system. The Shurtah (police) force was tasked with patrolling the streets at night and maintaining public order. His administrative model later influenced governance structures in the Umayyad and Abbasid caliphates.

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