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Explanation

Imam Shafi (150–204 AH) wrote 'Ar-Resala' as the first systematic work on the principles of Islamic jurisprudence (Usul al-Fiqh). In this groundbreaking book, he laid down the foundational sources of Islamic law: the Quran, Sunnah, Ijma (consensus), and Qiyas (analogical reasoning). This work earned him the title of the founder of Usul al-Fiqh and distinguished his school of thought from others.

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Imam Muhammad ibn Idris al-Shafi was born in Gaza in 150 AH and was a student of Imam Malik in Madina and Imam Muhammad al-Shaybani (a student of Imam Abu Hanifa) in Iraq. 'Ar-Resala' was written in response to a request from the Muhaddith Abd al-Rahman ibn Mahdi, who asked Imam Shafi to compile a book on the methodology of deriving rulings from the Quran and Sunnah. The book remains a cornerstone text in the study of Islamic legal theory.

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