PMS GK 2022 MCQs with Answers & Explanations

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“In the Line of Fire” is Pervez Musharraf’s 2006 memoir, written after he served as Pakistan’s military ruler and president. It details his rise in the army and key decisions after 9/11.

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Nitrous oxide is called laughing gas because inhaling it can induce euphoria and involuntary laughter, making it useful as a mild anesthetic in dentistry.

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Ctrl+K opens the hyperlink insertion dialog in most word processors and email clients. In web browsers, the same shortcut focuses the address bar instead.

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MS Excel is spreadsheet software designed for organizing data in rows and columns, performing calculations with formulas, and analyzing information. Its grid-based structure also supports charts and pivot tables for data visualization.

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Following the 25th Amendment and 2017 delimitation, the National Assembly has 266 directly elected general seats, alongside 60 reserved for women and 10 for minorities. This totals 336 members.

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SAARC comprises eight member states: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. It was established in 1985 to promote regional cooperation in South Asia.

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Compiler and Windows XP are software, not physical components, while chip, hard disk, RAM, CPU, and monitor are hardware. Software needs hardware to execute and function.

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Hussein Ibrahim Taha, a former foreign minister of Chad, assumed office as OIC Secretary General in November 2021. The OIC is headquartered in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

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The euro was launched on 1 January 1999 as an electronic currency for banking and financial transactions, with physical coins and banknotes entering circulation in 2002.

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Venus has the smallest average orbital distance from Earth, making it our nearest planetary neighbor. Though Mercury can occasionally be closer, Venus is closest on average.

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Ozone is concentrated in the stratosphere, where the ozone layer absorbs most harmful ultraviolet radiation from the Sun. Tropospheric ozone also exists but is a pollutant rather than the protective layer.

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Leonardo da Vinci created the Mona Lisa in the early 1500s during the Italian Renaissance. The portrait is displayed at the Louvre Museum in Paris.

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Gen. Frank Meservy, a British officer, became the first Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Army in August 1947, serving until early 1948. He was succeeded by another British officer, Gen. Douglas Gracey.

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Soviet forces entered Afghanistan on 24 December 1979 to support the communist government, beginning a military occupation that lasted until 1989.

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Justice Abdul Rashid was appointed the first Chief Justice of Pakistan in 1949, heading the Federal Court. He was followed by Justice Muhammad Munir as the second Chief Justice.

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Persian served as the administrative and scholarly language of Muslim India, so the earliest recorded subcontinental Quran translation was made into Persian, not a local vernacular. Shah Waliullah’s Persian rendering is known as Fath al-Rahman.

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The OIC was founded on September 25, 1969, when Muslim leaders met in Rabat, Morocco, following the Al-Aqsa Mosque fire. It was later renamed the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation.

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Vitamin D is needed for calcium absorption and bone mineralization, so its deficiency causes rickets, characterized by soft and weakened bones in children. In adults, severe deficiency leads to osteomalacia.

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The 1965 war formally began on 6 September and ended with the UN ceasefire on 23 September, lasting 17 days. It was fought mainly over Kashmir.

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Vitamin A is essential for producing rhodopsin, a retinal pigment needed for vision in low light, so its deficiency causes night blindness. Severe deficiency can also lead to xerophthalmia and permanent blindness.

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The Federal Shariat Court was established in 1980 under President Zia-ul-Haq to review laws for conformity with Islamic injunctions. It began functioning that year after the relevant constitutional amendment.

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The World Bank was created in July 1944 at the Bretton Woods Conference alongside the IMF, though it began operations in 1946.

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Shah Jehan built Lahore’s Shalimar Gardens in 1641 as a royal retreat, reflecting his passion for formal Persian-style gardens. He also commissioned the Taj Mahal and Shalimar Bagh in Delhi.

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UNESCO declared February 21 as International Mother Language Day in 1999 to honour the 1952 Bengali Language Movement martyrs in Bangladesh. It promotes linguistic and cultural diversity worldwide.

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National Sanctity of Human Life Day is observed in the United States on January 22, marking the anniversary of the Roe v. Wade decision to promote the value of human life. It is proclaimed annually by the U.S. president.

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Afghanistan was admitted as SAARC's eighth member at the 2007 New Delhi summit, making it the latest country to join. India is a founding member, while China has only observer status.

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Cholistan Desert is locally called Rohi Desert, derived from the local Saraiki word “Rohi” for this arid region. It lies in southern Punjab, Pakistan, near the Thar Desert.

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Christopher Columbus was born in the Republic of Genoa, which is part of modern-day Italy, making him Italian by origin. Although he sailed under the Spanish crown, his nationality was Italian.

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Herodotus is called the Father of History because his work The Histories is the first known systematic investigation of past events and cultures. The Roman writer Cicero gave him this title.

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KUNA stands for Kuwait News Agency, the official state news agency of Kuwait. It was established in 1976 and reports in Arabic and English.

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Income and expenditure accounts show whether income exceeds spending, revealing a surplus when earnings are higher than costs. A surplus is the opposite of a deficit budget.

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Four U.S. presidents have been assassinated: Abraham Lincoln, James A. Garfield, William McKinley, and John F. Kennedy. Theodore Roosevelt and Ronald Reagan survived attempted assassinations.

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Angela Merkel held office from November 2005 to December 2021, totaling 16 years. She was Germany’s first female chancellor and only the third chancellor to serve that long.

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Gregor Mendel proposed the Law of Independent Assortment after his dihybrid crosses showed that alleles for different traits are inherited independently. It is one of his foundational principles of inheritance, though linked genes are an exception.

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Wang Yi served as China’s Foreign Minister in 2022, so he was the official attending as a special guest. He has held the post since 2013 and is also a State Councilor.

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Indira Gandhi declared a national emergency in India on June 25, 1975, citing internal disturbances, which suspended civil liberties and elections. It lasted until March 21, 1977.

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Sale of old newspapers is a recurring, incidental earning for nonprofit organizations, so it is treated as revenue income. It is credited to the income and expenditure account.

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Constantinople was conquered by the Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II in 1453 AD, marking the end of the Byzantine Empire. This victory also shifted a major center of Christian power to Muslim rule.

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Finland topped the 2022 World Happiness Index for the fifth consecutive year due to high social support, trust, and quality of life. It has led the ranking every year since 2018.

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Frederick Bourne was appointed the first Governor of East Bengal in 1947 after Pakistan’s independence, serving until 1950. The province was later renamed East Pakistan under Governor Feroz Khan Noon.

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The U-2 incident occurred on May 1, 1960, when a Soviet missile shot down an American U-2 spy plane piloted by Francis Gary Powers, deepening Cold War tensions.

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Indus Valley Civilization built the earliest known underground drainage system, with brick-lined covered drains in cities like Mohenjo-daro. Harappa was one of its major cities, so option C is the broader correct civilization.

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Ameer Khusro is considered the first major Muslim musician of the subcontinent because he pioneered Indo-Persian musical traditions and is credited with creating qawwali and several ragas. He served in the Delhi Sultanate under multiple rulers.

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Kavaan the elephant was relocated from Islamabad Zoo to Cambodia Wildlife Sanctuary in 2020 after a Pakistani court ordered his transfer due to poor living conditions. He was dubbed the world’s loneliest elephant.

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Israel uses the shekel, specifically the new Israeli shekel (NIS), as its official currency. It replaced the old shekel in 1985 after hyperinflation.

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The Gandhara School flourished under Kushana patronage, especially Kanishka, blending Greco-Roman and Buddhist artistic traditions. It produced some of the earliest anthropomorphic Buddha images in grey schist and stucco.

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FATF formally removed Pakistan from its grey list on 21 October 2022 after it completed two action plans addressing terror financing and money laundering, having been placed on the list in June 2018.

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The ceasefire line in Kashmir was established in 1949 following the UN-brokered Karachi Agreement, which ended the first Indo-Pak war. It was later redesignated as the Line of Control under the 1972 Simla Agreement.

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Uzbekistan’s President Shavkat Mirziyoyev visited Pakistan on 3–4 March 2022, the first Uzbek presidential visit since 2000. He met Prime Minister Imran Khan and both sides signed agreements on trade and transit.

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It was issued to limit the Punjab Assembly Speaker’s procedural and ruling powers during the 2022 political crisis, removing legal ambiguities over session conduct. It followed controversy over the deputy speaker’s ruling in the chief minister election.

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Manzur Qadir served as Pakistan’s Foreign Minister under President Ayub Khan from 1958 to 1962, shortly after the 1958 martial law. He later became Chief Justice of the West Pakistan High Court.

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Chaudhry Khaleequzzaman authored this autobiographical account of the Pakistan Movement, published in English as Pathway to Pakistan. He was a prominent Muslim League leader from the United Provinces.

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SECP regulates Pakistan’s stock exchanges under the Securities Act, 2015, ensuring market transparency and investor protection. It also oversees brokers, mutual funds, and corporate governance in the capital markets.

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Taxila served as the major cultural and educational hub of ancient Gandhara, renowned for its Buddhist monasteries and Greco-Buddhist art. It was also a key stop on the ancient Silk Road trade route.

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Gurdaspur was a Muslim-majority district awarded to India in the 1947 Radcliffe Award, giving it the vital road link to Jammu and Kashmir. Its inclusion shaped the subsequent Kashmir conflict.

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Quaid-e-Azam condemned the Maharaja’s accession of Kashmir to India as illegal and fraudulent, made under duress against the Muslim-majority population’s wishes. He demanded a free plebiscite to settle the dispute.

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The Punjab Governor promulgated the ordinance on 15 June 2022 to curtail the Speaker’s administrative and financial authority over assembly staff. It was part of the political conflict between the provincial government and the opposition.

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Moeen Qureshi became caretaker Prime Minister on 18 July 1993 after President Ghulam Ishaq Khan and Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif resigned, serving until Benazir Bhutto’s election later that year.

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Francis Mudie was appointed first Governor of West Punjab in August 1947 after Pakistan’s independence. He had previously served as Governor of Sindh before partition.

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Farooq Ahmad Khan Leghari assumed the presidency on 14 November 1993 after winning the election as the Pakistan Peoples Party candidate, succeeding Ghulam Ishaq Khan.

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Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto took office as President and civilian Chief Martial Law Administrator on December 20, 1971, after Yahya Khan resigned following Pakistan’s defeat in the Indo-Pak war and separation of East Pakistan.

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Abu al Fazal served as Akbar’s court historian and wrote the Akbar Nama, the official chronicle of his reign. Its third volume, the Ain-i-Akbari, details Mughal administration and culture.

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Hamza Shehbaz took oath as Chief Minister of Punjab in April 2022, succeeding Usman Buzdar, and is counted as the province’s 19th chief minister. His first tenure was later cut short by judicial rulings.

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Nishan-e-Haider is Pakistan’s highest military gallantry award and has been conferred on 11 soldiers, all posthumously. The most recent recipient was Havildar Lalak Jan in 1999.

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Arooj Aftab earned those nominations at the 64th Grammys for her song "Mohabbat," making history as the first Pakistani woman in both categories. She won the Best Global Music Performance award that year.

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Samiullah Khan earned the nickname “The Flying Horse” for his exceptional speed on the hockey field as a Pakistani Olympian. He was a key member of Pakistan’s gold-medal-winning teams in the 1970s and 1980s.

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Pakistan’s federal cabinet approved the country’s first National Security Policy on 28 December 2021, formally adopting a comprehensive security framework. The policy covered economic, military, and human security dimensions.

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Maqbool Bhat, founder of Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front, was hanged in Tihar Jail on 11 February 1984 after being convicted of killing an intelligence officer.

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Rumi was born in Balkh, a city located in present-day Afghanistan, so both options refer to the same birthplace. He later settled in Konya, Anatolia.

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Philip Noel-Baker was Britain’s UN delegate when the Kashmir dispute was first raised in the Security Council in January 1948. He later won the Nobel Peace Prize.

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Let length be L and width W. Solving LW=297 and (L+3)(W-1)=300 gives L=27 cm and W=11 cm, matching the dimensions in option C.

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With 24 years from 1970 to 1994 and enrollment doubling every 8 years, there are three doublings, so 6000 divided by 8 equals 750.

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The value after 4 years is 12000 × (0.95)^4 = 9774.075, which rounds to 9774. Each year’s 5% depreciation is applied on the remaining value, not the original price.

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From 8:35 a.m. to 2:35 p.m. is 6 hours, and from 2:35 p.m. to 3:12 p.m. adds 37 minutes, totaling 6 hours and 37 minutes. Always subtract times by breaking them into whole hours and remaining minutes.

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Osteomalacia results from vitamin D deficiency because vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption and bone mineralization, leading to soft, weak bones. In children, severe vitamin D deficiency causes rickets, the pediatric equivalent of osteomalacia.

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Egg yolk is naturally rich in calciferol (vitamin D), a fat-soluble vitamin stored in its lipids. Thiamine and tocopherol are present only in smaller amounts. Vitamin D supports calcium absorption and bone health.

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Milk contains lactose, a disaccharide made of glucose and galactose. It is the primary carbohydrate in mammalian milk and requires the enzyme lactase for digestion.

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Natural gas is the least pollutant because it burns more completely, emitting less carbon dioxide, particulates, and sulfur oxides than coal, diesel, or petrol. It consists mainly of methane, the cleanest-burning fossil fuel.

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HP processing stands for high pressure processing, a non-thermal method that uses intense pressure to preserve fruit and vegetables. It inactivates spoilage microbes and enzymes while retaining fresh flavour, colour, and nutrients better than heat treatment.

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Vitamin B6 is commonly known as pyridoxine, one of its main chemical forms. It helps in amino acid metabolism and neurotransmitter production.

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Fructose is a monosaccharide because it consists of a single sugar unit and cannot be broken down into simpler carbohydrates. It is naturally abundant in fruits and honey.

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A tropical cyclone is classified as a hurricane once its sustained winds exceed 74 mph, the threshold for Category 1 on the Saffir-Simpson scale. Below that, it remains a tropical storm.

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Oil holds the largest share of global commercial energy consumption because it dominates transportation and remains widely used in industry and power generation. Globally, oil accounts for roughly 30% of primary energy use, ahead of coal and gas.

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High pressure systems have descending, outward-flowing air that is deflected to the right by the Coriolis effect in the Northern Hemisphere, producing a clockwise circulation. Low pressure systems rotate counterclockwise there.

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Fat is stored mainly in the subcutaneous layer beneath the skin, serving as insulation and energy reserve. Adipose tissue also surrounds internal organs for protection.

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Vitamin E is fat-soluble, so the body stores it primarily in adipose tissue and the liver, making option A correct. These reserves help maintain levels between meals.

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MS Word’s font size dropdown offers sizes from 8 to 72 points by default. You can manually type larger or smaller sizes, up to 1638 points.

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Headers and footers insert recurring text or page numbers at the top and bottom of each page, ensuring they appear when the document is printed. They also enhance navigation in longer documents.

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A high quality CAD system uses a digital plotter because it prints precise, large-format vector drawings and graphics with accurate lines. Plotters are standard for engineering and architectural blueprints.

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Header and Footer commands are located in the Text group of the Insert tab in Microsoft Word, making option A correct. This group also contains WordArt, text boxes, and date and time fields.

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Wilting point is the minimum soil moisture level at which a plant can extract water; below this, it wilts permanently. Field capacity, by contrast, is the maximum water soil holds after drainage.

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Sedimentary rocks form from compacted sediments, leaving pore spaces between grains that allow them to absorb fluids. This porosity also makes them important reservoirs for groundwater and petroleum.

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London is on the River Thames, spelled “Thames” rather than “Themes,” so option A is the intended correct choice. The Thames flows through southern England and is about 215 miles long.

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Abdul Kareem, nicknamed Little Karim, was a renowned Pakistani high-altitude porter and mountaineer, famed for his strength on expeditions to peaks like K2 and Broad Peak.

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The 2022 International Day of Forests theme was “Forests and sustainable production and consumption,” highlighting how sustainably managed forests support responsible resource use. Each year the United Nations selects a theme emphasizing forests’ role in global sustainability.

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Sulphur dioxide from industrial emissions reacts with the marble's calcium carbonate, forming yellowish calcium sulphate and causing discoloration. This acid rain effect is a major threat to the Taj Mahal's white marble.

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Trimmu, near Jhang in Punjab, is the confluence point where the Jhelum River joins the Chenab River. Downstream, the combined Chenab later meets the Sutlej at Panjnad.

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Limestone forms from accumulated shells, coral, and calcium carbonate sediments, which makes it a sedimentary rock. Under heat and pressure it can metamorphose into marble.

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Australia and New Zealand jointly hosted the 2023 FIFA Women’s World Cup, making it the first co-hosted edition of the tournament. Spain won the title after defeating England in the final.

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Beijing hosted the 2022 Winter Olympics, making it the first city to have hosted both the Summer and Winter Games.