When did Hazrat Umar (R.A) first capture Jerusalem?

Explanation

Jerusalem (Bait-ul-Maqdis) was conquered during the caliphate of Hazrat Umar (R.A) in 638 CE (17 AH). The city surrendered peacefully after a lengthy siege led by Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah (R.A). Hazrat Umar (R.A) personally traveled to Jerusalem to receive the keys of the city from Patriarch Sophronius and signed the famous Treaty of Umar, guaranteeing the safety and religious freedom of the Christian inhabitants.

Good to know

The conquest of Jerusalem came after the decisive Battle of Yarmouk in 636 CE, which effectively ended Byzantine control over Syria and Palestine. When Hazrat Umar (R.A) entered Jerusalem, he famously refused to pray inside the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, fearing that future Muslims might convert it into a mosque. Instead, he prayed nearby, and a mosque named Masjid Umar was later built at that spot.

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