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Practice these MCQs in the appQuick fact: The Banu Abbas (Abbasid) Khilafat ended in 656 Hijri (1258 CE) when the Mongols sacked Baghdad.
The Abbasid Caliphate, which began in 750 CE (132 Hijri), came to a tragic end in 656 Hijri (1258 CE) when Hulagu Khan, the Mongol ruler, invaded and sacked Baghdad. The last Abbasid Caliph, Al-Musta'sim Billah, was killed, and the city was devastated. This marked the formal end of the Abbasid dynasty's rule, though a ceremonial Abbasid caliphate later continued under the Mamluks in Egypt without real political power.
The Abbasid Caliphate was the third Islamic caliphate, succeeding the Umayyads, and ruled from 132 Hijri to 656 Hijri. It is known as the Golden Age of Islam, with Baghdad as its magnificent capital. The Mongol invasion under Hulagu Khan not only ended the caliphate but also resulted in the destruction of the Grand Library of Baghdad (Bayt al-Hikmah), causing an irreparable loss of knowledge and literature.
